Skip to main content

Stem Cells May Help Restoring Sense of Smell

Stem Cells May Help Restoring Sense of Smell – Tufts University Research

Written on 03/29/2019
Vinod kushwaha 
                             
Stem Cells May Help Restoring Sense of Smell – Tufts University Research
The sense of smell – it plays a vital role for all individuals. But all of that can be suppressed with aging, trauma, chronic sinus diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. The inability or decreased ability to smell isn’t always treatable which is commonly called as called anosmia and hyposmia respectively in medical terms.
Tufts University School of Medicine Researchers has shown they can restore the sense of smell by developing and triggering olfactory stem cells in culture. They stated that this technique could be used to regenerate nose tissue, including sensory neurons.
Restoring Sense of Smell
Activated HBCs differentiate into neurons (red) and non-neuronal supporting cells (gold) of the olfactory epithelium. (Jim Schwob/Tufts University in Stem Cell Reports)
The olfactory epithelium has two kinds of stem cells namely globose basal cells (GBCs) and horizontal basal cells (HBCs) which is the sheet of tissue with neurons and supporting cells that line the nasal cavity. GBCs play the main role in the routine replenishment of nasal cells, and they’ve been successfully cultured. HBCs, on the other hand, remain dormant unless triggered by tissue injury. HBCs have proven difficult to keep in culture, limiting scientists’ ability to research them.
The lead was taken by the team from the conditions used to culture respiratory stem cells. From that point, they directed the stem cells to differentiate into olfactory epithelial cells like Sus cells, basal cells, and olfactory sensory nerves, before engrafting them into injured tissue.
In spite of the olfactory epithelium having a natural ability to regenerate serious injuries can trigger a permanent loss of smell. A 2016 NIH-backed study depending on the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey found that smell dysfunction affects approximately 12.4percent of adults, which 3.2% of individuals have a complete or severe loss.
The team of tufts described how to culture HBCs in a study published in the journal Stem Cell Reports.
Director of Tufts Research James Schwob who is a professor of developmental, molecular and chemical biology with M.D and Ph.D. degree and who also led the group previously that showed a protein called p63 is a master regulator which was involved in the activation of HBCs. The Researchers found that lowering levels of p63 is necessary for HBC activation, so for this study, they further used retinoic acid to dial down levels of the protein.
Schwob stated that- Now that they can create a book of dormant stem cells, they see this as a helpful tool for investigating ways to direct celldifferentiation toward particular cell types and develop new stem cell therapies for tissue and sensory regeneration or pharmacological interventions to activate the patient’s own dormant stem cells inside the nose.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Beer production

Brewing  is the production of  beer  by steeping  a  starch  source (commonly cereal  grains, the most popular of which is  barley ) [1]  in water and  fermenting  the resulting sweet liquid with  yeast . It may be done in a  brewery  by a commercial brewer, at home by a  homebrewer , or by a variety of traditional methods such as communally by the  indigenous peoples in Brazil  when making  cauim . [2]  Brewing has taken place since around the 6th millennium BC, and archaeological evidence suggests that emerging civilizations including  ancient Egypt [3] and  Mesopotamia  brewed beer. [4]  Since the nineteenth century the  brewing industry  has been part of most western economies. The basic ingredients of beer are water and a  fermentable  starch source such as  malted barley . Most beer is fermented with a  brewer's yeast  and fl...
Post a Comment
Read more

When to see a doctor If you can't ๐Ÿ˜ดsleep In over night or traveld sleep.you may be suffring from inosomia know more about inosomia

What is Insomnia? If you can't sleep, you may be wondering if you have insomnia. Insomnia is a complicated condition. What is the definition of insomnia? According to guidelines from a physician group,  insomnia  is difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep, even when a person has the chance to do so. People with insomnia can feel dissatisfied with their sleep and usually experience one or more of the following symptoms : fatigue, low energy, difficulty concentrating, mood disturbances, and decreased performance in work or at school. How long does insomnia last? Insomnia may be characterized based on its duration.  Acute insomnia  is brief and often happens because of life circumstances (for example, when you can't fall asleep the night before an exam, or after receiving stressful or bad news). Many people may have experienced this type of passing sleep disruption, and it tends to resolve without any treatment. Chronic insomnia  is d...
Post a Comment
Read more

Ethanol fermentation

Ethanol fermentation Read in another language Watch this page Edit In ethanol fermentation, (1) one glucose molecule breaks down into two pyruvates. The energy from this exothermic reaction is used to bind the inorganic phosphates to ADP and convert NAD+ to NADH. (2) The two pyruvates are then broken down into two acetaldehydes and give off two CO2 as a by-product. (3) The two acetaldehydes are then converted to two ethanol by using the H- ions from NADH, converting NADH back intoNAD+.                     Ethanol fermentation , also called alcoholic fermentation , is a   biological process   which converts   sugars   such as glucose ,   fructose , and   sucrose   into cellular energy , producing   ethanol   and carbon dioxide   as by-products. Because yeasts   perform this conversion in the absence of   oxygen , alcoholic fermentation   is conside...
3 comments
Read more