Science And Technology

                             Microorganism in your mouth KEY TAKEAWAYS Key Points Dental caries, also known as tooth decay or cavity, is a bacterial infection that causes demineralization and destruction of the hard tissues (enamel, dentin, and cementum). Tooth decay results from the production of acid by bacterial fermentation of the food debris accumulated on the tooth surface. Bacteria occupy the ecological niche provided by both the tooth surface and gingival epithelium. However, a highly efficient innate host defense system constantly monitors the bacterial colonization and prevents bacterial invasion of local tissues. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a Gram-negative oral anaerobe strongly associated with chronic adult periodontitis. Dental plaque is the material that adheres to the teeth and consists of bacterial cells (mainly S. mutans and S. sanguis), salivary polymers, and bacterial extracellular products. Key Terms cavity : A soft area in a decayed tooth. plaque

Vitamin D deficiency..                 Vitamin D deficiency  .can lead to a loss of bone density, which can contribute to osteoporosis and fractures.  Severe vitamin D deficiency  can also lead to other diseases. In adults,  severe vitamin D deficiency  leads to osteomalacia. Osteomalacia causes weak bones, bone pain, and muscle weakness  8 signs and symptoms of vitamin D deficiency. Getting Sick or Infected Often. Share on Pinterest. ... Fatigue and Tiredness. Feeling tired can have many causes, and vitamin D deficiency may be one of them. ... Bone and Back Pain. .. . Depression. ... Impaired Wound Healing. ... Bone Loss. ... Hair Loss. ... Muscle Pain. Symptoms of bone pain and muscle weakness can mean you have a  vitamin D deficiency. ... Yet, even without symptoms, too little  vitamin D  can pose health risks. Low  blood levels of the  vitamin  have been associated with the following: Increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease.  instance, research

Now Hair Can Be Used to Detect Vitamin D Levels Apart From Blood Written on 02/26/2019 Vinod kumar kushwaha Now Hair Can Be Used to Detect Vitamin D Levels Apart From Blood With over a billion people estimated to be affected, vitamin D deficiency a risk factor for depression, cardiovascular disease, inflammation, diabetes, and cancer has reached epidemic proportions worldwide. To Cure the effects of low vitamin D Researchers in London have found that vitamin D can now be measured by human hair, paving the way for improved diagnosis. Vitamin D levels are captured by blood analysis method at a single time point, in contrast, hair, which grow at approximately 1 centimeter a month, which might reflect vitamin D status over several months. Associate Professor Lina Zgaga from Trinity College Dublin said, their study shows that vitamin D is being deposited continuously in the hair as it grows, more of it might be deposited at times when vitamin D concentration in the

Zika Virus Genetic Study To Fast Track Vaccine Research Written on 03/22/2019 Vinod kumar kushwaha Zika Virus Genetic Study To Fast Track Vaccine Research By looking at the genetics of Zika virus, a new method has been found by the Scientists at The University of Queensland and QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute to fast-track research which could lead to new vaccines. They have formulated a novel technique to identify Zika mutations that help in virus replication in mosquito hosts while negatively impacting its ability to replicate in mammals. Dr. Yin Xiang Setoh from UQ’s School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences stated that – this technique would supercharge  research  on Zika and that can lead to birth defects and other similar viruses. Dr. Yin said, “We utilized deep mutational scanning to survey each the possible amino acid mutations in what is called the envelope protein of the virus, which is responsible for how it binds with, enters and exits host

Plant antifungal proteins and their applications in agriculture. Abstract Fungi are far more complex organisms than viruses or bacteria and can develop numerous diseases in plants that cause loss of a substantial portion of the crop every year. Plants have developed various mechanisms to defend themselves against these fungi which include the production of low-molecular-weight secondary metabolites and proteins and peptides with antifungal activity. In this review, families of plant antifungal proteins (AFPs) including defensins, lectins, and several others will be summarized. Moreover, the application of AFPs in agriculture will also be analyzed. In animal       An  antifungal medication , also known as an  antimycotic medication , is a pharmaceutical   fungicide  or  fungistatic used to treat and prevent  mycosis  such as  athlete's foot ,  ringworm ,  candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such as  cryptococcal   meningitis , and others. Such drugs are usua